The Ricker map is a model of density depedence which is widely used in fisheries biology. For a high growth rate, r,  the iterated map will generate chaotic dynamcis.

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Ricker[N_, r_] := N Exp[r N (1 - N)]

The Ricker map is often plotted as a recruitment curve. A recruitment curve expresses the size of the population at the next time step as a function of the current size. The straight line is the exact replacement line N[t]=N[t+1]. Where the replacement intersects the recruitment is known as the carrying capacity or K. For mathematical simplicity the value of K is K=1.

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Plot[{N, Evaluate[Ricker[N, 3]]}, {N, 0, 2}, AxesLabel {"N[t]", "N[t+1]"}]

[Graphics:HTMLFiles/index_3.gif]

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ThreeRicker[N_] := Ricker[N, 3]

The function NestList can be used to iterate the Ricker map at discrete intervals of time.

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NestList[ThreeRicker, 0.5, 5]

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{0.5, 1.0585, 0.87905, 1.20931, 0.565914, 1.18253}

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ListPlot[NestList[ThreeRicker, 0.6 , 50], PlotJoinedTrue, PlotRange {0, 1.5}, AxesLabel  {"t", "N"}]

[Graphics:HTMLFiles/index_9.gif]

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A small change in the parameter N will lead to widely different dynamics in abundance over time.

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ListPlot[NestList[ThreeRicker, 0.6 , 50], PlotJoinedTrue, PlotRange {0, 1.5}, AxesLabel  {"t", "N"}]

[Graphics:HTMLFiles/index_12.gif]

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